Ranthambore National Park is home to approximately 300 different plant species. The park’s vegetation primarily consists of dry deciduous types, influenced by its proximity to the Thar Desert, which receives very little rainfall. The diverse plant communities in the reserve thrive due to the presence of shallow perennial lakes, high hills, moderate slopes, plateaus, and narrow valleys, creating a rich tapestry of flora throughout the landscape.

The “Dhok” tree (Anogeissus pendula) is the most prominent species in Ranthambore National Park, comprising about 80% of the plant cover. Thriving in the valleys and on hill slopes, this tree can reach heights of 10 to 15 meters and benefits from the area’s soil and water retention. Its leaves are favored by deer, nilgai, and antelope. On plateaus with poor soil, however, its growth tends to be stunted.

Other notable trees include the Banyan (Ficus bengalensis) and Pipal (Ficus religiosa), both of which have medicinal uses and are cherished in the region. The Jogi Mahal, a historical hunting lodge, is located near India’s second-largest Banyan tree. The Neem tree (Azadirachta indica), known for its healing properties, is also abundant in the park.

Ranthambore features several fruit trees, such as Mango (Mangifera indica), Jamun (Syzygium cumini), Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana), and Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), celebrated for their delicious fruits. The vibrant Chhila tree (Butea monosperma), or Flame of the Forest, adds a striking orange-red hue to the landscape.

Other significant plant species include Babul (Acacia nilotica), Gum tree (Sterculia urens), Kadam (Anthocephalus cadamba), Khajur (Phoenix sylvestris), and Khair (Acacia catechu), the latter being sought after for its bark, which is used to make katha for paan. Porcupines are often seen nibbling on its bark.

The park also hosts various other trees like Kakera (Flacourtia indica), Karel (Capparis decidua), Khimi (Manilkara hexandra), Mahua (Madhuca indica), and Tendu (Diospyros melanoxylon). Additionally, Vetiveria grass (Vetiveria zizanoides) thrives here, known for its aromatic oil used in various products. This grass grows along the lake shores and is used to craft cooling curtains.

Aquatic flora such as lotus and water lilies can also be found, enhancing the park’s natural beauty.